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74 [seventy-four]

asking for something

74 [vierenzeventig]	iets vragen

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The indigenous languages of America

Many different languages are spoken in America. English is the main language in North America. Spanish and Portuguese dominate in South America. All of these languages came to America from Europe. Before colonization, other languages were spoken there. These languages are known as the indigenous languages of America. Until today, they haven't been explored substantially. The variety of these languages is enormous. It is estimated that there are about 60 language families in North America. In South America there could even be as many as 150. Additionally, there are many isolated languages. All of these languages are very different. They exhibit only a few common structures. Therefore, it is difficult to classify the languages. The reason for their differences lies in the history of America. America was colonized in several stages. The first people came to America over more than 10,000 years ago. Each population brought its language to the continent. The indigenous languages are most similar to Asian languages. The situation regarding America's ancient languages isn't the same everywhere. Many Native American languages are still in use in South America. Languages like Guarani or Quechua have millions of active speakers. By contrast, many languages in North America are almost extinct. The culture of the Native Americans of North America was long oppressed. In the process, their languages were lost. But interest in them has increased in the last few decades. There are many programs that aim to nurture and protect the languages. So they could have a future after all…

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Can you cut my hair?	K_n_ u m_j_ h_a_ k_i_p_n_ Kunt u mijn haar knippen? K___ u m___ h___ k_______ Kunt u mijn haar knippen? ____ _ ____ ____ ________ Kunt u mijn haar knippen?
Not too short, please.	N_e_ t_ k_r_ g_a_g_ Niet te kort graag. N___ t_ k___ g_____ Niet te kort graag. ____ __ ____ ______ Niet te kort graag.
A bit shorter, please.	I_t_ k_r_e_ g_a_g_ Iets korter graag. I___ k_____ g_____ Iets korter graag. ____ ______ ______ Iets korter graag.

Can you develop the pictures?	K_n_ u d_ f_t_’_ o_t_i_k_l_n_ Kunt u de foto’s ontwikkelen? K___ u d_ f_____ o___________ Kunt u de foto’s ontwikkelen? ____ _ __ ______ ____________ Kunt u de foto’s ontwikkelen?
The pictures are on the CD.	D_ f_t_’_ s_a_n o_ C_. De foto’s staan op CD. D_ f_____ s____ o_ C__ De foto’s staan op CD. __ ______ _____ __ ___ De foto’s staan op CD.
The pictures are in the camera.	D_ f_t_’_ z_t_e_ i_ d_ c_m_r_. De foto’s zitten in de camera. D_ f_____ z_____ i_ d_ c______ De foto’s zitten in de camera. __ ______ ______ __ __ _______ De foto’s zitten in de camera.

Can you fix the clock?	K_n_ u d_ k_o_ r_p_r_r_n_ Kunt u de klok repareren? K___ u d_ k___ r_________ Kunt u de klok repareren? ____ _ __ ____ __________ Kunt u de klok repareren?
The glass is broken.	H_t g_a_ i_ g_b_o_e_. Het glas is gebroken. H__ g___ i_ g________ Het glas is gebroken. ___ ____ __ _________ Het glas is gebroken.
The battery is dead / empty.	D_ b_t_e_i_ i_ l_e_. De batterij is leeg. D_ b_______ i_ l____ De batterij is leeg. __ ________ __ _____ De batterij is leeg.

Can you iron the shirt?	K_n_ u h_t h_m_ s_r_j_e_? Kunt u het hemd strijken? K___ u h__ h___ s________ Kunt u het hemd strijken? ____ _ ___ ____ _________ Kunt u het hemd strijken?
Can you clean the pants / trousers?	K_n_ u d_ b_o_k s_h_o_m_k_n_ Kunt u de broek schoonmaken? K___ u d_ b____ s___________ Kunt u de broek schoonmaken? ____ _ __ _____ ____________ Kunt u de broek schoonmaken?
Can you fix the shoes?	K_n_ u d_ s_h_e_e_ r_p_r_r_n_ Kunt u de schoenen repareren? K___ u d_ s_______ r_________ Kunt u de schoenen repareren? ____ _ __ ________ __________ Kunt u de schoenen repareren?

Do you have a light?	K_n_ u m_j e_n v_u_t_e g_v_n_ Kunt u mij een vuurtje geven? K___ u m__ e__ v______ g_____ Kunt u mij een vuurtje geven? ____ _ ___ ___ _______ ______ Kunt u mij een vuurtje geven?
Do you have a match or a lighter?	H_e_t u e_n l_c_f_r o_ e_n a_n_t_k_r_ Heeft u een lucifer of een aansteker? H____ u e__ l______ o_ e__ a_________ Heeft u een lucifer of een aansteker? _____ _ ___ _______ __ ___ __________ Heeft u een lucifer of een aansteker?
Do you have an ashtray?	H_e_t u e_n a_b_k_ Heeft u een asbak? H____ u e__ a_____ Heeft u een asbak? _____ _ ___ ______ Heeft u een asbak?

Do you smoke cigars?	R_o_t u s_g_r_n_ Rookt u sigaren? R____ u s_______ Rookt u sigaren? _____ _ ________ Rookt u sigaren?
Do you smoke cigarettes?	R_o_t u s_g_r_t_e_? Rookt u sigaretten? R____ u s__________ Rookt u sigaretten? _____ _ ___________ Rookt u sigaretten?
Do you smoke a pipe?	R_o_t u p_j_? Rookt u pijp? R____ u p____ Rookt u pijp? _____ _ _____ Rookt u pijp?

Phrasebook

The indigenous languages of America

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