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82 [kaheksakümmend kaks]

Minevik 2

82 [eighty-two]	Past tense 2

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Negatiivseid sõnu ei tõlgita emakeelde

Mitut keelt oskavad inimesed tõlgivad lugedes alateadlikult teksti oma emakeelde. See toimub automaatselt; see tähendab, et lugeja ise ei märka seda. Võiks öelda, et aju töötab nagu sünkroontõlk. Kuid ta ei tõlgi kõike! Üks uurimus on tõestanud, et ajul on nö sisemine filter. Filter otsustab, mida tõlkida. Ja tuleb välja, et filter ignoreerib teatud sõnu. Emakeelde ei tõlgita negatiivseid sõnu. Teadlased valisid katse tegemiseks hiina keelt emakeelena rääkivad inimesed. Kõik katsealused rääkisid teise keelena inglise keelt. Katsealused pidid hindama erinevaid ingliskeelseid sõnu. Antud sõnadel oli erinevad tundevarjundid. Seal hulgas oli positiivseid, negatiivseid ja neutraalseid mõisteid. Aju uuriti, kui katsealused antud sõnu lugesid. Teadlased mõõtsid nende aju aktiivsust. Nii said nad teada, kuidas aju sel ajal töötab. Sõnade tõlkimisel saadetakse ajusse signaale. See näitab, et aju on aktiivne. Samas ei näidanud katsealused üles mingit aktiivusust negatiivsete sõnade puhul. Tõlgiti vaid positiivseid ja neutraalseid sõnu. Veel pole teadlased selgust saanud, miks see nii on. Teoreetiliselt peab aju töötlema kõiki sõnu korraga. Samas võib olla, et filter annab kiirelt sõnadest ülevaate. Sõnu analüüsitakse juba võõrkeeles lugemise ajal. Kui sõna on negatiivne, siis on mälu blokeeritud. See tähendab, et ta ei suuda leida vastavat sõna oma emakeeles. Inimene ei ole sõnadele reageerimise osas nii tundlik. Võib-olla tahab aju neid kaitsta emotsionaalse šoki eest...

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Pidid sa kiirabi kutsuma?	D_d y_u h_v_ t_ c_l_ a_ a_b_l_n_e_ Did you have to call an ambulance? D__ y__ h___ t_ c___ a_ a_________ Did you have to call an ambulance? ___ ___ ____ __ ____ __ __________ Did you have to call an ambulance?
Pidid sa arsti kutsuma?	D_d y_u h_v_ t_ c_l_ t_e d_c_o_? Did you have to call the doctor? D__ y__ h___ t_ c___ t__ d______ Did you have to call the doctor? ___ ___ ____ __ ____ ___ _______ Did you have to call the doctor?
Pidid sa politsei kutsuma?	D_d y_u h_v_ t_ c_l_ t_e p_l_c_? Did you have to call the police? D__ y__ h___ t_ c___ t__ p______ Did you have to call the police? ___ ___ ____ __ ____ ___ _______ Did you have to call the police?

Kas teil on see telefoninumber? Hetk tagasi oli mul see veel.	D_ y_u h_v_ t_e t_l_p_o_e n_m_e_? I h_d i_ j_s_ n_w_ Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now. D_ y__ h___ t__ t________ n______ I h__ i_ j___ n___ Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now. __ ___ ____ ___ _________ _______ _ ___ __ ____ ____ Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now.
Kas teil on see aadress? Hetk tagasi oli mul see veel.	D_ y_u h_v_ t_e a_d_e_s_ I h_d i_ j_s_ n_w_ Do you have the address? I had it just now. D_ y__ h___ t__ a_______ I h__ i_ j___ n___ Do you have the address? I had it just now. __ ___ ____ ___ ________ _ ___ __ ____ ____ Do you have the address? I had it just now.
Kas teil on linnakaart? Hetk tagasi oli mul see veel.	D_ y_u h_v_ t_e c_t_ m_p_ I h_d i_ j_s_ n_w_ Do you have the city map? I had it just now. D_ y__ h___ t__ c___ m___ I h__ i_ j___ n___ Do you have the city map? I had it just now. __ ___ ____ ___ ____ ____ _ ___ __ ____ ____ Do you have the city map? I had it just now.

Tuli ta täpselt? Ta ei saanud täpselt tulla.	D_d h_ c_m_ o_ t_m_? H_ c_u_d n_t c_m_ o_ t_m_. Did he come on time? He could not come on time. D__ h_ c___ o_ t____ H_ c____ n__ c___ o_ t____ Did he come on time? He could not come on time. ___ __ ____ __ _____ __ _____ ___ ____ __ _____ Did he come on time? He could not come on time.
Leidis ta tee? Ta ei leidnud teed.	D_d h_ f_n_ t_e w_y_ H_ c_u_d n_t f_n_ t_e w_y_ Did he find the way? He could not find the way. D__ h_ f___ t__ w___ H_ c____ n__ f___ t__ w___ Did he find the way? He could not find the way. ___ __ ____ ___ ____ __ _____ ___ ____ ___ ____ Did he find the way? He could not find the way.
Sai ta sinust aru? Ta ei saanud minust aru.	D_d h_ u_d_r_t_n_ y_u_ H_ c_u_d n_t u_d_r_t_n_ m_. Did he understand you? He could not understand me. D__ h_ u_________ y___ H_ c____ n__ u_________ m__ Did he understand you? He could not understand me. ___ __ __________ ____ __ _____ ___ __________ ___ Did he understand you? He could not understand me.

Miks ei saanud sa täpselt tulla?	W_y c_u_d y_u n_t c_m_ o_ t_m_? Why could you not come on time? W__ c____ y__ n__ c___ o_ t____ Why could you not come on time? ___ _____ ___ ___ ____ __ _____ Why could you not come on time?
Miks sa teed ei leidnud?	W_y c_u_d y_u n_t f_n_ t_e w_y_ Why could you not find the way? W__ c____ y__ n__ f___ t__ w___ Why could you not find the way? ___ _____ ___ ___ ____ ___ ____ Why could you not find the way?
Miks sa temast aru ei saanud?	W_y c_u_d y_u n_t u_d_r_t_n_ h_m_ Why could you not understand him? W__ c____ y__ n__ u_________ h___ Why could you not understand him? ___ _____ ___ ___ __________ ____ Why could you not understand him?

Ma ei saanud täpselt jõuda kuna ühtegi bussi ei läinud.	I c_u_d n_t c_m_ o_ t_m_ b_c_u_e t_e_e w_r_ n_ b_s_s_ I could not come on time because there were no buses. I c____ n__ c___ o_ t___ b______ t____ w___ n_ b_____ I could not come on time because there were no buses. _ _____ ___ ____ __ ____ _______ _____ ____ __ ______ I could not come on time because there were no buses.
Ma ei saanud teed leida kuna mul ei olnud linnakaarti.	I c_u_d n_t f_n_ t_e w_y b_c_u_e I h_d n_ c_t_ m_p_ I could not find the way because I had no city map. I c____ n__ f___ t__ w__ b______ I h__ n_ c___ m___ I could not find the way because I had no city map. _ _____ ___ ____ ___ ___ _______ _ ___ __ ____ ____ I could not find the way because I had no city map.
Ma ei saanud temast aru kuna muusika oli nii vali.	I c_u_d n_t u_d_r_t_n_ h_m b_c_u_e t_e m_s_c w_s s_ l_u_. I could not understand him because the music was so loud. I c____ n__ u_________ h__ b______ t__ m____ w__ s_ l____ I could not understand him because the music was so loud. _ _____ ___ __________ ___ _______ ___ _____ ___ __ _____ I could not understand him because the music was so loud.

Ma pidin takso võtma.	I h_d t_ t_k_ a t_x_. I had to take a taxi. I h__ t_ t___ a t____ I had to take a taxi. _ ___ __ ____ _ _____ I had to take a taxi.
Ma pidin linnakaardi ostma.	I h_d t_ b_y a c_t_ m_p_ I had to buy a city map. I h__ t_ b__ a c___ m___ I had to buy a city map. _ ___ __ ___ _ ____ ____ I had to buy a city map.
Ma pidin raadio vaiksemaks keerama.	I h_d t_ s_i_c_ o_f t_e r_d_o_ I had to switch off the radio. I h__ t_ s_____ o__ t__ r_____ I had to switch off the radio. _ ___ __ ______ ___ ___ ______ I had to switch off the radio.

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Negatiivseid sõnu ei tõlgita emakeelde

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