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56 [fifty-six]

Feelings

56 [femtiseks]	Følelser

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The language of our ancestors

Modern languages can be analyzed by linguists. Various methods are used to do so. But how did people speak thousands of years ago? It is much more difficult to answer this question. Despite this, scientists have been busy researching for years. They would like to explore how people spoke earlier. In order to do this, they attempt to reconstruct ancient speech forms. American scientists have now made an exciting discovery. They analyzed more than 2,000 languages. In particular they analyzed the sentence structure of the languages. The results of their study were very interesting. About half of the languages had the S-O-V sentence structure. That is to say, the sentences are ordered by subject, object and verb. More than 700 languages follow the pattern S-V-O. And about 160 languages operate according to the V-S-O system. Only about 40 languages use the V-O-S pattern. 120 languages display a hybrid. On the other hand, O-V-S and O-S-V are distinctly rarer systems. The majority of the analyzed languages use the S-O-V principle. Persian, Japanese and Turkish are some examples. Most living languages follow the S-V-O pattern, however. This sentence structure dominates the Indo-European language family today. Researchers believe that the S-O-V model was used earlier. All languages are based on this system. But then the languages diverged. We don't yet know how that happened. However, the variation of sentence structures must have had a reason. Because in evolution, only that which has an advantage prevails…

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to feel like / want to	h_ l_s_ ha lyst h_ l___ ha lyst __ ____ ha lyst
We feel like. / We want to.	V_ h_r l_s_. Vi har lyst. V_ h__ l____ Vi har lyst. __ ___ _____ Vi har lyst.
We don’t feel like. / We do’t want to.	V_ h_r i_k_ l_s_. Vi har ikke lyst. V_ h__ i___ l____ Vi har ikke lyst. __ ___ ____ _____ Vi har ikke lyst.

to be afraid	v_r_ r_d_ være redd v___ r___ være redd ____ ____ være redd
I’m afraid.	J_g e_ r_d_. Jeg er redd. J__ e_ r____ Jeg er redd. ___ __ _____ Jeg er redd.
I am not afraid.	J_g e_ i_k_ r_d_. Jeg er ikke redd. J__ e_ i___ r____ Jeg er ikke redd. ___ __ ____ _____ Jeg er ikke redd.

to have time	h_ t_d ha tid h_ t__ ha tid __ ___ ha tid
He has time.	H_n h_r t_d_ Han har tid. H__ h__ t___ Han har tid. ___ ___ ____ Han har tid.
He has no time.	H_n h_r i_k_ t_d_ Han har ikke tid. H__ h__ i___ t___ Han har ikke tid. ___ ___ ____ ____ Han har ikke tid.

to be bored	k_e_e s_g kjede seg k____ s__ kjede seg _____ ___ kjede seg
She is bored.	H_n k_e_e_ s_g_ Hun kjeder seg. H__ k_____ s___ Hun kjeder seg. ___ ______ ____ Hun kjeder seg.
She is not bored.	H_n k_e_e_ s_g i_k_. Hun kjeder seg ikke. H__ k_____ s__ i____ Hun kjeder seg ikke. ___ ______ ___ _____ Hun kjeder seg ikke.

to be hungry	v_r_ s_l_e_ være sulten v___ s_____ være sulten ____ ______ være sulten
Are you hungry?	E_ d_r_ s_l_n_? Er dere sultne? E_ d___ s______ Er dere sultne? __ ____ _______ Er dere sultne?
Aren’t you hungry?	E_ d_r_ i_k_ s_l_n_? Er dere ikke sultne? E_ d___ i___ s______ Er dere ikke sultne? __ ____ ____ _______ Er dere ikke sultne?

to be thirsty	v_r_ t_r_t være tørst v___ t____ være tørst ____ _____ være tørst
They are thirsty.	D_ e_ t_r_t_. De er tørste. D_ e_ t______ De er tørste. __ __ _______ De er tørste.
They are not thirsty.	D_ e_ i_k_ t_r_t_. De er ikke tørste. D_ e_ i___ t______ De er ikke tørste. __ __ ____ _______ De er ikke tørste.

Phrasebook

The language of our ancestors

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