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84 [eighty-four]

Past tense 4

‫84 [أربعة وثمانون]‬ 84 [arabeat wathamanun]	‫صيغة الماضي 4‬ syghat almadi 4

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Bilingualism improves hearing

People who speak two languages hear better. They can distinguish between different sounds more accurately. An American study has come to this conclusion. Researchers tested several teenagers. Part of the test subjects grew up bilingual. These teenagers spoke English and Spanish. The other part of the subjects only spoke English. The young people had to listen to a particular syllable. It was the syllable ‘da’. It didn't belong to either of the languages. The syllable was played for the test subjects using headphones. At the same time, their brain activity was measured with electrodes. After this test the teenagers had to listen to the syllable again. This time, however, they could hear many disruptive sounds as well. There were various voices saying meaningless sentences. The bilingual individuals reacted very strongly to the syllable. Their brain showed a lot of activity. They could identify the syllable exactly, with and without the disruptive sounds. The monolingual individuals were not successful. Their hearing was not as good as the bilingual test subjects. The result of the experiment surprised researchers. Until then it was only known that musicians have an especially good ear. But it appears that bilingualism also trains the ear. People that are bilingual are constantly confronted with different sounds. Therefore, their brain must develop new abilities. It learns how to distinguish different linguistic stimuli. Researchers are now testing how language skills affect the brain. Maybe hearing can still benefit when a person learns languages later in life…

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to read	ي_ر_. y_q_a_ يقرأ. yaqra. ي____ y_____ يقرأ. yaqra. _____ ______ يقرأ. yaqra.
I read.	‫_ق_ ق_أ_._ l_a_ q_r_t_. ‫لقد قرأت.‬ lqad qarata. ‫___ ق_____ l___ q______ ‫لقد قرأت.‬ lqad qarata. ____ ______ ____ _______ ‫لقد قرأت.‬ lqad qarata.
I read the whole novel.	‫_ق_ ق_أ_ ا_ر_ا_ة ب_ا_ل_ا_‬ l_a_ q_r_t a_r_w_a_a_ b_k_m_l_h_. ‫لقد قرأت الرواية بكاملها.‬ lqad qarat alrawaayat bikamiliha. ‫___ ق___ ا______ ب________ l___ q____ a_________ b__________ ‫لقد قرأت الرواية بكاملها.‬ lqad qarat alrawaayat bikamiliha. ____ ____ _______ _________ ____ _____ __________ ___________ ‫لقد قرأت الرواية بكاملها.‬ lqad qarat alrawaayat bikamiliha.

to understand	ي_ه_. y_f_h_m_ يفهم. yufahim. ي____ y_______ يفهم. yufahim. _____ ________ يفهم. yufahim.
I understood.	‫_ق_ ف_م_._ l_a_u f_h_m_a_ ‫لقد فهمت.‬ lqadu fahamta. ‫___ ف_____ l____ f_______ ‫لقد فهمت.‬ lqadu fahamta. ____ ______ _____ ________ ‫لقد فهمت.‬ lqadu fahamta.
I understood the whole text.	‫_ق_ ف_م_ ا_ن_ ب_ا_ل_._ l_a_ f_h_m_ a_n_s b_k_m_l_h_. ‫لقد فهمت النص بكامله.‬ lqad fahimt alnas bikamiliha. ‫___ ف___ ا___ ب_______ l___ f_____ a____ b__________ ‫لقد فهمت النص بكامله.‬ lqad fahimt alnas bikamiliha. ____ ____ ____ ________ ____ ______ _____ ___________ ‫لقد فهمت النص بكامله.‬ lqad fahimt alnas bikamiliha.

to answer	ي_ي_. y_j_b_ يجيب. yajib. ي____ y_____ يجيب. yajib. _____ ______ يجيب. yajib.
I answered.	‫_ق_ أ_ب_._ l_a_ '_j_a_. ‫لقد أجبت.‬ lqad 'ajbat. ‫___ أ_____ l___ '______ ‫لقد أجبت.‬ lqad 'ajbat. ____ ______ ____ _______ ‫لقد أجبت.‬ lqad 'ajbat.
I answered all the questions.	‫_ق_ أ_ب_ ع_ى ج_ي_ ا_أ_ئ_ة_‬ l_a_ '_j_b_t e_l_a j_y_ a_'_s_i_a_. ‫لقد أجبت على جميع الأسئلة.‬ lqad 'ajabat ealaa jmye al'asyilat. ‫___ أ___ ع__ ج___ ا________ l___ '______ e____ j___ a__________ ‫لقد أجبت على جميع الأسئلة.‬ lqad 'ajabat ealaa jmye al'asyilat. ____ ____ ___ ____ _________ ____ _______ _____ ____ ___________ ‫لقد أجبت على جميع الأسئلة.‬ lqad 'ajabat ealaa jmye al'asyilat.

I know that – I knew that.	‫_ع_م ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ_ ل_د ع_م_ ذ_ك_‬ a_a_i_ d_l_ l_q_d e_l_m_ d_a_a_a_ ‫أعلم ذلك ــــــ لقد علمت ذلك.‬ aealim dhlk laqad ealimt dhalaka. ‫____ ذ__ ـ_____ ل__ ع___ ذ____ a_____ d___ l____ e_____ d_______ ‫أعلم ذلك ــــــ لقد علمت ذلك.‬ aealim dhlk laqad ealimt dhalaka. _____ ___ ______ ___ ____ _____ ______ ____ _____ ______ ________ ‫أعلم ذلك ــــــ لقد علمت ذلك.‬ aealim dhlk laqad ealimt dhalaka.
I write that – I wrote that.	‫_ك_ب ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ ل_د ك_ب_ ذ_ك_‬ a_a_a_ d_l_ l_q_d k_t_b_ d_i_k_. ‫أكتب ذلك ـــــ لقد كتبت ذلك.‬ akatab dhlk laqad katabt dhilka. ‫____ ذ__ ـ____ ل__ ك___ ذ____ a_____ d___ l____ k_____ d______ ‫أكتب ذلك ـــــ لقد كتبت ذلك.‬ akatab dhlk laqad katabt dhilka. _____ ___ _____ ___ ____ _____ ______ ____ _____ ______ _______ ‫أكتب ذلك ـــــ لقد كتبت ذلك.‬ akatab dhlk laqad katabt dhilka.
I hear that – I heard that.	‫_س_ع ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ ل_د س_ع_ ذ_ك_‬ a_a_a_ d_l_ l_q_d s_m_e_ d_a_k_. ‫أسمع ذلك ـــــ لقد سمعت ذلك.‬ asamae dhlk laqad samiet dhalka. ‫____ ذ__ ـ____ ل__ س___ ذ____ a_____ d___ l____ s_____ d______ ‫أسمع ذلك ـــــ لقد سمعت ذلك.‬ asamae dhlk laqad samiet dhalka. _____ ___ _____ ___ ____ _____ ______ ____ _____ ______ _______ ‫أسمع ذلك ـــــ لقد سمعت ذلك.‬ asamae dhlk laqad samiet dhalka.

I’ll get it – I got it.	‫_ُ_ض_ ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ ل_د أ_ض_ت ذ_ك_‬ '_h_r d_l_ l_q_d '_h_a_a_ d_i_k_. ‫أُحضر ذلك ــــ لقد أحضرت ذلك.‬ 'uhdr dhlk laqad 'ahdarat dhilka. ‫_____ ذ__ ـ___ ل__ أ____ ذ____ '____ d___ l____ '_______ d______ ‫أُحضر ذلك ــــ لقد أحضرت ذلك.‬ 'uhdr dhlk laqad 'ahdarat dhilka. ______ ___ ____ ___ _____ _____ _____ ____ _____ ________ _______ ‫أُحضر ذلك ــــ لقد أحضرت ذلك.‬ 'uhdr dhlk laqad 'ahdarat dhilka.
I’ll bring that – I brought that.	‫_ج_ب ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ_ ل_د ج_ب_ ذ_ك_‬ a_a_a_ d_l_ l_q_d j_l_b_ d_a_k_. ‫أجلب ذلك ــــــ لقد جلبت ذلك.‬ ajalab dhlk laqad jalabt dhalka. ‫____ ذ__ ـ_____ ل__ ج___ ذ____ a_____ d___ l____ j_____ d______ ‫أجلب ذلك ــــــ لقد جلبت ذلك.‬ ajalab dhlk laqad jalabt dhalka. _____ ___ ______ ___ ____ _____ ______ ____ _____ ______ _______ ‫أجلب ذلك ــــــ لقد جلبت ذلك.‬ ajalab dhlk laqad jalabt dhalka.
I’ll buy that – I bought that.	‫_ش_ر_ي ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ_ـ_ ل_د ا_ت_ي_ ذ_ك_‬ a_h_r_ d_l_ l_q_d a_h_a_a_a_ d_i_k_. ‫أشترِي ذلك ــــــــ لقد اشتريت ذلك.‬ ashtri dhlk laqad ashtarayat dhilka. ‫______ ذ__ ـ_______ ل__ ا_____ ذ____ a_____ d___ l____ a_________ d______ ‫أشترِي ذلك ــــــــ لقد اشتريت ذلك.‬ ashtri dhlk laqad ashtarayat dhilka. _______ ___ ________ ___ ______ _____ ______ ____ _____ __________ _______ ‫أشترِي ذلك ــــــــ لقد اشتريت ذلك.‬ ashtri dhlk laqad ashtarayat dhilka.

I expect that – I expected that.	‫_ت_ق_ ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ ل_د ت_ق_ت ذ_ك_‬ a_a_q_e d_l_ l_q_d t_w_q_e_ d_a_k_. ‫أتوقع ذلك ـــــ لقد توقعت ذلك.‬ atawqae dhlk laqad tawaqaet dhalka. ‫_____ ذ__ ـ____ ل__ ت____ ذ____ a______ d___ l____ t_______ d______ ‫أتوقع ذلك ـــــ لقد توقعت ذلك.‬ atawqae dhlk laqad tawaqaet dhalka. ______ ___ _____ ___ _____ _____ _______ ____ _____ ________ _______ ‫أتوقع ذلك ـــــ لقد توقعت ذلك.‬ atawqae dhlk laqad tawaqaet dhalka.
I’ll explain that – I explained that.	‫_ش_ح ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ_ ل_د ش_ح_ ذ_ك_‬ a_h_r_h d_l_ l_q_d s_a_a_t d_i_k_. ‫أشرح ذلك ــــــ لقد شرحت ذلك.‬ asharah dhlk laqad sharaht dhilka. ‫____ ذ__ ـ_____ ل__ ش___ ذ____ a______ d___ l____ s______ d______ ‫أشرح ذلك ــــــ لقد شرحت ذلك.‬ asharah dhlk laqad sharaht dhilka. _____ ___ ______ ___ ____ _____ _______ ____ _____ _______ _______ ‫أشرح ذلك ــــــ لقد شرحت ذلك.‬ asharah dhlk laqad sharaht dhilka.
I know that – I knew that.	‫_ع_ف ذ_ك ـ_ـ_ـ_ـ_ ل_د ع_ف_ ذ_ك_‬ a_a_i_ d_l_ l_q_d e_r_f_t d_i_k_. ‫أعرف ذلك ــــــــ لقد عرفت ذلك.‬ aearif dhlk laqad earafat dhilka. ‫____ ذ__ ـ_______ ل__ ع___ ذ____ a_____ d___ l____ e______ d______ ‫أعرف ذلك ــــــــ لقد عرفت ذلك.‬ aearif dhlk laqad earafat dhilka. _____ ___ ________ ___ ____ _____ ______ ____ _____ _______ _______ ‫أعرف ذلك ــــــــ لقد عرفت ذلك.‬ aearif dhlk laqad earafat dhilka.

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Bilingualism improves hearing

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