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44 [forty-four]

Going out in the evening

44 [forty-four]	Going out in the evening

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Genes influence language

The language we speak is dependent on our ancestry. But our genes are also responsible for our language. Scottish researchers have come to this conclusion. They examined how English differs from Chinese. In doing so they discovered that genes play a role, too. Because genes influence the development of our brain. That is to say, they shape our brain structures. With this, our ability to learn languages is determined. Variants of two genes are crucial to this. If a particular variant is scarce, tonal languages develop. So tonal languages are spoken by people without these gene variants. In tonal languages, the meaning of words is determined by the pitch of the tones. Chinese is included in the tonal languages, for example. If this gene variant is dominant, however, other languages develop. English is not a tonal language. The variants of this gene are not evenly distributed. That means they occur with differing frequency in the world. But languages only survive if they are passed down. In order to do this, children must be able to imitate the language of their parents. So they must be able to learn the language well. Only then will it be passed down from generation to generation. The older gene variant is the one that promotes tonal languages. So there were probably more tonal languages in the past than there are today. But one mustn't overestimate the genetic components. They can only add to explaining the development of languages. But there isn't a gene for English, or a gene for Chinese. Anybody can learn any language. You don't need genes for that, but rather only curiosity and discipline!

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Is there a disco here?	I_ t_e_e a d_s_o h_r_? Is there a disco here? I_ t____ a d____ h____ Is there a disco here? __ _____ _ _____ _____ Is there a disco here?
Is there a nightclub here?	I_ t_e_e a n_g_t_l_b h_r_? Is there a nightclub here? I_ t____ a n________ h____ Is there a nightclub here? __ _____ _ _________ _____ Is there a nightclub here?
Is there a pub here?	I_ t_e_e a p_b h_r_? Is there a pub here? I_ t____ a p__ h____ Is there a pub here? __ _____ _ ___ _____ Is there a pub here?

What’s playing at the theatre / theater (am.) this evening?	W_a_’_ p_a_i_g a_ t_e t_e_t_e / t_e_t_r (_m_) t_i_ e_e_i_g_ What’s playing at the theatre / theater (am.) this evening? W_____ p______ a_ t__ t______ / t______ (____ t___ e_______ What’s playing at the theatre / theater (am.) this evening? ______ _______ __ ___ _______ _ _______ _____ ____ ________ What’s playing at the theatre / theater (am.) this evening?
What’s playing at the cinema / movies (am.) this evening?	W_a_’_ p_a_i_g a_ t_e c_n_m_ / m_v_e_ (_m_) t_i_ e_e_i_g_ What’s playing at the cinema / movies (am.) this evening? W_____ p______ a_ t__ c_____ / m_____ (____ t___ e_______ What’s playing at the cinema / movies (am.) this evening? ______ _______ __ ___ ______ _ ______ _____ ____ ________ What’s playing at the cinema / movies (am.) this evening?
What’s on TV this evening?	W_a_’_ o_ T_ t_i_ e_e_i_g_ What’s on TV this evening? W_____ o_ T_ t___ e_______ What’s on TV this evening? ______ __ __ ____ ________ What’s on TV this evening?

Are tickets for the theatre / theater (am.) still available?	A_e t_c_e_s f_r t_e t_e_t_e / t_e_t_r (_m_) s_i_l a_a_l_b_e_ Are tickets for the theatre / theater (am.) still available? A__ t______ f__ t__ t______ / t______ (____ s____ a_________ Are tickets for the theatre / theater (am.) still available? ___ _______ ___ ___ _______ _ _______ _____ _____ __________ Are tickets for the theatre / theater (am.) still available?
Are tickets for the cinema / movies (am.) still available?	A_e t_c_e_s f_r t_e c_n_m_ / m_v_e_ (_m_) s_i_l a_a_l_b_e_ Are tickets for the cinema / movies (am.) still available? A__ t______ f__ t__ c_____ / m_____ (____ s____ a_________ Are tickets for the cinema / movies (am.) still available? ___ _______ ___ ___ ______ _ ______ _____ _____ __________ Are tickets for the cinema / movies (am.) still available?
Are tickets for the football / soccer am. game still available?	A_e t_c_e_s f_r t_e f_o_b_l_ / s_c_e_ a_. g_m_ s_i_l a_a_l_b_e_ Are tickets for the football / soccer am. game still available? A__ t______ f__ t__ f_______ / s_____ a__ g___ s____ a_________ Are tickets for the football / soccer am. game still available? ___ _______ ___ ___ ________ _ ______ ___ ____ _____ __________ Are tickets for the football / soccer am. game still available?

I want to sit in the back.	I w_n_ t_ s_t i_ t_e b_c_. I want to sit in the back. I w___ t_ s__ i_ t__ b____ I want to sit in the back. _ ____ __ ___ __ ___ _____ I want to sit in the back.
I want to sit somewhere in the middle.	I w_n_ t_ s_t s_m_w_e_e i_ t_e m_d_l_. I want to sit somewhere in the middle. I w___ t_ s__ s________ i_ t__ m______ I want to sit somewhere in the middle. _ ____ __ ___ _________ __ ___ _______ I want to sit somewhere in the middle.
I want to sit at the front.	I w_n_ t_ s_t a_ t_e f_o_t_ I want to sit at the front. I w___ t_ s__ a_ t__ f_____ I want to sit at the front. _ ____ __ ___ __ ___ ______ I want to sit at the front.

Could you recommend something?	C_u_d y_u r_c_m_e_d s_m_t_i_g_ Could you recommend something? C____ y__ r________ s_________ Could you recommend something? _____ ___ _________ __________ Could you recommend something?
When does the show begin?	W_e_ d_e_ t_e s_o_ b_g_n_ When does the show begin? W___ d___ t__ s___ b_____ When does the show begin? ____ ____ ___ ____ ______ When does the show begin?
Can you get me a ticket?	C_n y_u g_t m_ a t_c_e_? Can you get me a ticket? C__ y__ g__ m_ a t______ Can you get me a ticket? ___ ___ ___ __ _ _______ Can you get me a ticket?

Is there a golf course nearby?	I_ t_e_e a g_l_ c_u_s_ n_a_b_? Is there a golf course nearby? I_ t____ a g___ c_____ n______ Is there a golf course nearby? __ _____ _ ____ ______ _______ Is there a golf course nearby?
Is there a tennis court nearby?	I_ t_e_e a t_n_i_ c_u_t n_a_b_? Is there a tennis court nearby? I_ t____ a t_____ c____ n______ Is there a tennis court nearby? __ _____ _ ______ _____ _______ Is there a tennis court nearby?
Is there an indoor swimming pool nearby?	I_ t_e_e a_ i_d_o_ s_i_m_n_ p_o_ n_a_b_? Is there an indoor swimming pool nearby? I_ t____ a_ i_____ s_______ p___ n______ Is there an indoor swimming pool nearby? __ _____ __ ______ ________ ____ _______ Is there an indoor swimming pool nearby?

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Genes influence language

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