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10 [ten]

Yesterday – today – tomorrow

‫10 [عشرة]‬ 10 [eshart]	‫أمس – اليوم – غدًا‬ amus - alyawm - ghdana

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Signs as language

People created languages in order to communicate. Even the deaf or hard of hearing have their own language. It's sign language, the basic language of all hearing impaired people. It is made up of combined symbols. This makes it a visual language, or "visible". So is sign language understood on an international level? No, even signing has different national languages. Every country has its own sign language. And it is influenced by the culture of the country. Because language always evolves from culture. This is also true with languages that aren't spoken. There is, however, an international sign language. But its signs are somewhat more complicated. Nevertheless, national sign languages do resemble one another. Many signs are iconic. They are oriented towards the form of the objects they represent. The most widely used sign language is American Sign Language. Sign languages are recognized as fully-fledged languages. They have their own grammar. But it is different from the grammar of spoken languages. As a result, sign language can't be translated word for word. There are, however, sign language interpreters. Information is simultaneously communicated with sign language. That means that a single sign can express a whole sentence. There are also dialects in sign language. Regional particularities have their own signs. And every sign language has its own intonation. It's true for signs too: Our accent reveals our origin!

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Yesterday was Saturday.	أ_س ك_ن ا_س_ت '_m_ k_n a_s_b_ أمس كان السبت 'ams kan alsabt أ__ ك__ ا____ '___ k__ a_____ أمس كان السبت 'ams kan alsabt ___ ___ _____ ____ ___ ______ أمس كان السبت 'ams kan alsabt
I was at the cinema yesterday.	‫_ا_أ_س ك_ت_ ف_ ا_س_ن_ا_‬ b_l_a_s k_t f_ a_s_y_a_a_ ‫بالأمس كنتُ في السينما.‬ bal'ams knt fi alsaynama. ‫______ ك___ ف_ ا________ b______ k__ f_ a_________ ‫بالأمس كنتُ في السينما.‬ bal'ams knt fi alsaynama. _______ ____ __ _________ _______ ___ __ __________ ‫بالأمس كنتُ في السينما.‬ bal'ams knt fi alsaynama.
The film was interesting.	‫_ا_ ا_ف_ل_ م_و_ا_._ k_n a_f_l_ m_h_q_a_. ‫كان الفيلم مشوقاً.‬ kan alfilm mshwqaan. ‫___ ا_____ م_______ k__ a_____ m________ ‫كان الفيلم مشوقاً.‬ kan alfilm mshwqaan. ____ ______ ________ ___ ______ _________ ‫كان الفيلم مشوقاً.‬ kan alfilm mshwqaan.

Today is Sunday.	‫_ل_و_ ه_ ا_أ_د_‬ a_y_w_ h_ a_'_h_a_ ‫اليوم هو الأحد.‬ alyawm hu al'ahda. ‫_____ ه_ ا______ a_____ h_ a_______ ‫اليوم هو الأحد.‬ alyawm hu al'ahda. ______ __ _______ ______ __ ________ ‫اليوم هو الأحد.‬ alyawm hu al'ahda.
I’m not working today.	‫_ل_و_ ل_ أ_م_._ a_y_w_ l_ '_e_a_. ‫اليوم لا أعمل.‬ alyawm la 'aemal. ‫_____ ل_ أ_____ a_____ l_ '______ ‫اليوم لا أعمل.‬ alyawm la 'aemal. ______ __ ______ ______ __ _______ ‫اليوم لا أعمل.‬ alyawm la 'aemal.
I’m staying at home.	‫_أ_ق_ ف_ ا_ب_ت_‬ s_a_q_a f_ a_b_y_. ‫سأبقى في البيت.‬ s'abqaa fi albayt. ‫_____ ف_ ا______ s______ f_ a______ ‫سأبقى في البيت.‬ s'abqaa fi albayt. ______ __ _______ _______ __ _______ ‫سأبقى في البيت.‬ s'abqaa fi albayt.

Tomorrow is Monday.	‫_د_ا ه_ ا_ا_ن_ن_‬ g_d_n_ h_ a_a_t_n_y_a_ ‫غدًا هو الاثنين.‬ ghdana hu alaithnayna. ‫____ ه_ ا________ g_____ h_ a___________ ‫غدًا هو الاثنين.‬ ghdana hu alaithnayna. _____ __ _________ ______ __ ____________ ‫غدًا هو الاثنين.‬ ghdana hu alaithnayna.
Tomorrow I will work again.	‫_د_ً س_ع_د ل_ع_ل_‬ g_d_a_ s_'_e_d l_l_a_a_. ‫غداً سأعود للعمل.‬ ghdaan sa'aeud lileamal. ‫____ س____ ل______ g_____ s______ l________ ‫غداً سأعود للعمل.‬ ghdaan sa'aeud lileamal. _____ _____ _______ ______ _______ _________ ‫غداً سأعود للعمل.‬ ghdaan sa'aeud lileamal.
I work at an office.	‫_ن_ أ_م_ ف_ م_ت_._ '_i_i '_e_a_ f_ m_k_a_i_. ‫إني أعمل في مكتب.‬ 'iini 'aemal fi maktabin. ‫___ أ___ ف_ م_____ '____ '_____ f_ m________ ‫إني أعمل في مكتب.‬ 'iini 'aemal fi maktabin. ____ ____ __ ______ _____ ______ __ _________ ‫إني أعمل في مكتب.‬ 'iini 'aemal fi maktabin.

Who is that?	‫_ن ه_ا_‬ m_ h_h_? ‫من هذا؟‬ mn hdha? ‫__ ه____ m_ h____ ‫من هذا؟‬ mn hdha? ___ _____ __ _____ ‫من هذا؟‬ mn hdha?
That is Peter.	‫_ذ_ ب_ت_._ h_h_ b_y_r_ ‫هذا بيتر.‬ hdha baytr. ‫___ ب_____ h___ b_____ ‫هذا بيتر.‬ hdha baytr. ____ ______ ____ ______ ‫هذا بيتر.‬ hdha baytr.
Peter is a student.	‫_ي_ر ط_ل_._ b_t_r t_l_b_ ‫بيتر طالب.‬ bitir talib. ‫____ ط_____ b____ t_____ ‫بيتر طالب.‬ bitir talib. _____ ______ _____ ______ ‫بيتر طالب.‬ bitir talib.

Who is that?	‫_َ_ ه_ه_‬ m_n h_h_? ‫مَن هذه؟‬ man hdhh? ‫___ ه____ m__ h____ ‫مَن هذه؟‬ man hdhh? ____ _____ ___ _____ ‫مَن هذه؟‬ man hdhh?
That is Martha.	‫_ذ_ م_ر_ا_‬ h_h_h m_r_a_ ‫هذه مارتا.‬ hdhih marta. ‫___ م______ h____ m_____ ‫هذه مارتا.‬ hdhih marta. ____ _______ _____ ______ ‫هذه مارتا.‬ hdhih marta.
Martha is a secretary.	‫_ا_ت_ أ_ي_ة س_._ m_a_t_n_ '_m_n_t s_r_. ‫مارتا أمينة سر.‬ maartana 'aminat sara. ‫_____ أ____ س___ m_______ '______ s____ ‫مارتا أمينة سر.‬ maartana 'aminat sara. ______ _____ ____ ________ _______ _____ ‫مارتا أمينة سر.‬ maartana 'aminat sara.

Peter and Martha are friends.	‫_ي_ر و_ا_ت_ أ_د_ا_._ b_t_r w_m_r_t_ '_s_i_a_a_ ‫بيتر ومارتا أصدقاء.‬ bitir wamarita 'asdiqa'a. ‫____ و_____ أ_______ b____ w_______ '_________ ‫بيتر ومارتا أصدقاء.‬ bitir wamarita 'asdiqa'a. _____ ______ ________ _____ ________ __________ ‫بيتر ومارتا أصدقاء.‬ bitir wamarita 'asdiqa'a.
Peter is Martha’s friend.	‫_ي_ر ص_ي_ م_ر_ا_‬ b_t_ s_d_y_ m_r_a_ ‫بيتر صديق مارتا.‬ bytr sidiyq marta. ‫____ ص___ م______ b___ s_____ m_____ ‫بيتر صديق مارتا.‬ bytr sidiyq marta. _____ ____ _______ ____ ______ ______ ‫بيتر صديق مارتا.‬ bytr sidiyq marta.
Martha is Peter’s friend.	‫_ا_ت_ ص_ي_ة ب_ت_._ m_a_t_ s_d_q_t_n b_y_r_ ‫مارتا صديقة بيتر.‬ maarta sadiqatan baytr. ‫_____ ص____ ب_____ m_____ s________ b_____ ‫مارتا صديقة بيتر.‬ maarta sadiqatan baytr. ______ _____ ______ ______ _________ ______ ‫مارتا صديقة بيتر.‬ maarta sadiqatan baytr.

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