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83 [eighty-three]

Past tense 3

83 [osemdesiattri]	Minulý čas 3

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African Languages

In Africa, a great deal of different languages are spoken. No other continent has so many different languages. The variety of African languages is impressive. It is estimated that there are about 2,000 African languages. However, all of these languages are not alike! Quite the opposite – they are often completely different! The languages of Africa belong to four different language families. Some African languages have one-of-a-kind characteristics. For example, there are sounds that foreigners cannot imitate. Land boundaries are not always linguistic boundaries in Africa. In some regions, there are a great deal of different languages. In Tanzania, for example, languages from all four families are spoken. Afrikaans is an exception among the African languages. This language came into being in the colonial period. At that time people from different continents met each other. They came from Africa, Europe and Asia. A new language developed out of these contact situations. Afrikaans exhibits influences from many languages. It is most closely related to Dutch, however. Today Afrikaans is spoken in South Africa and Namibia more than anywhere else. The most unusual African language is the drum language. Every message can be theoretically sent with drums. The languages that are communicated with drums are tonal languages. The meaning of words or syllables depends on the pitch of the tones. That means that the tones have to be imitated by the drums. The drum language is even understood by children in Africa. And it is very efficient… The drum language can be heard for up to 12 kilometers!

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to make a call	t_l_f_n_v_ť telefonovať t__________ telefonovať ___________ telefonovať
I made a call.	T_l_f_n_v_l s_m_ Telefonoval som. T__________ s___ Telefonoval som. ___________ ____ Telefonoval som.
I was talking on the phone all the time.	C_l_ č_s s_m t_l_f_n_v_l_ Celý čas som telefonoval. C___ č__ s__ t___________ Celý čas som telefonoval. ____ ___ ___ ____________ Celý čas som telefonoval.

to ask	p_t_ť s_ pýtať sa p____ s_ pýtať sa _____ __ pýtať sa
I asked.	O_ý_a_ s_m s_. Opýtal som sa. O_____ s__ s__ Opýtal som sa. ______ ___ ___ Opýtal som sa.
I always asked.	V_d_ s_m s_ p_t_l_ Vždy som sa pýtal. V___ s__ s_ p_____ Vždy som sa pýtal. ____ ___ __ ______ Vždy som sa pýtal.

to narrate	r_z_r_v_ť rozprávať r________ rozprávať _________ rozprávať
I narrated.	R_z_r_v_l s_m_ Rozprával som. R________ s___ Rozprával som. _________ ____ Rozprával som.
I narrated the whole story.	R_z_r_v_l s_m c_l_ p_í_e_. Rozprával som celý príbeh. R________ s__ c___ p______ Rozprával som celý príbeh. _________ ___ ____ _______ Rozprával som celý príbeh.

to study	u_i_ s_ učiť sa u___ s_ učiť sa ____ __ učiť sa
I studied.	U_i_ s_m s_. Učil som sa. U___ s__ s__ Učil som sa. ____ ___ ___ Učil som sa.
I studied the whole evening.	U_i_ s_m s_ c_l_ v_č_r_ Učil som sa celý večer. U___ s__ s_ c___ v_____ Učil som sa celý večer. ____ ___ __ ____ ______ Učil som sa celý večer.

to work	p_a_o_a_ pracovať p_______ pracovať ________ pracovať
I worked.	P_a_o_a_ s_m_ Pracoval som. P_______ s___ Pracoval som. ________ ____ Pracoval som.
I worked all day long.	P_a_o_a_ s_m c_l_ d_ň_ Pracoval som celý deň. P_______ s__ c___ d___ Pracoval som celý deň. ________ ___ ____ ____ Pracoval som celý deň.

to eat	j_s_ jesť j___ jesť ____ jesť
I ate.	J_d_l s_m_ Jedol som. J____ s___ Jedol som. _____ ____ Jedol som.
I ate all the food.	Z_e_o_ s_m c_l_ j_d_o_ Zjedol som celé jedlo. Z_____ s__ c___ j_____ Zjedol som celé jedlo. ______ ___ ____ ______ Zjedol som celé jedlo.

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African Languages

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