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65 [sixty-five]

Negation 2

65 [šedesát pět]	Zápor 2

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Genetic mutation makes speaking possible

Man is the only living creature on Earth that can speak. This distinguishes him from animals and plants. Of course animals and plants also communicate with each other. However, they do not speak a complex syllable language. But why can man speak? Certain physical features are needed in order to be able to speak. These physical features are only found in humans. However, that does not necessarily mean that man developed them. In evolutionary history, nothing happens without a reason. Somewhere along the line, man began to speak. We do not yet know when exactly that was. But something must have happened that gave man speech. Researchers believe that a genetic mutation was responsible. Anthropologists have compared the genetic material of various living beings. It is well known that a particular gene influences speech. People in which it is damaged have problems with speech. They can't express themselves well and have a hard time understanding words. This gene was examined in people, apes, and mice. It is very similar in humans and chimpanzees. Only two small differences can be identified. But these differences make their presence known in the brain. Together with other genes, they influence certain brain activities. Thus humans can speak, whereas apes cannot. However, the riddle of the human language is not yet solved. For the gene mutation alone is not enough to enable speech. Researchers implanted the human gene variant in mice. It didn't give them the ability to speak… But their squeaks made quite a racket!

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Is the ring expensive?	J_ t_n p_s_e_ d_a_ý_ Je ten prsten drahý? J_ t__ p_____ d_____ Je ten prsten drahý? __ ___ ______ ______ Je ten prsten drahý?
No, it costs only one hundred Euros.	N_, s_o_í j_n s_o e_r_. Ne, stojí jen sto euro. N__ s____ j__ s__ e____ Ne, stojí jen sto euro. ___ _____ ___ ___ _____ Ne, stojí jen sto euro.
But I have only fifty.	A_e j_ m_m j_n p_d_s_t_ Ale já mám jen padesát. A__ j_ m__ j__ p_______ Ale já mám jen padesát. ___ __ ___ ___ ________ Ale já mám jen padesát.

Are you finished?	J_i u_ h_t_v_ / h_t_v_? Jsi už hotový / hotová? J__ u_ h_____ / h______ Jsi už hotový / hotová? ___ __ ______ _ _______ Jsi už hotový / hotová?
No, not yet.	N_, j_š_ě n_. Ne, ještě ne. N__ j____ n__ Ne, ještě ne. ___ _____ ___ Ne, ještě ne.
But I’ll be finished soon.	A_e u_ b_z_ b_d_ h_t_v_. Ale už brzo budu hotový. A__ u_ b___ b___ h______ Ale už brzo budu hotový. ___ __ ____ ____ _______ Ale už brzo budu hotový.

Do you want some more soup?	C_c_š j_š_ě p_l_v_u_ Chceš ještě polévku? C____ j____ p_______ Chceš ještě polévku? _____ _____ ________ Chceš ještě polévku?
No, I don’t want anymore.	N_, u_ n_c_c_. Ne, už nechci. N__ u_ n______ Ne, už nechci. ___ __ _______ Ne, už nechci.
But another ice cream.	A_e c_c_ j_š_ě z_r_l_n_. Ale chci ještě zmrzlinu. A__ c___ j____ z________ Ale chci ještě zmrzlinu. ___ ____ _____ _________ Ale chci ještě zmrzlinu.

Have you lived here long?	B_d_í_ t_d_ u_ d_o_h_? Bydlíš tady už dlouho? B_____ t___ u_ d______ Bydlíš tady už dlouho? ______ ____ __ _______ Bydlíš tady už dlouho?
No, only for a month.	N_, t_p_v_ j_d_n m_s_c_ Ne, teprve jeden měsíc. N__ t_____ j____ m_____ Ne, teprve jeden měsíc. ___ ______ _____ ______ Ne, teprve jeden měsíc.
But I already know a lot of people.	A_e z_á_ u_ h_d_ě l_d_. Ale znám už hodně lidí. A__ z___ u_ h____ l____ Ale znám už hodně lidí. ___ ____ __ _____ _____ Ale znám už hodně lidí.

Are you driving home tomorrow?	P_j_d_š z_t_a d_m_? Pojedeš zítra domů? P______ z____ d____ Pojedeš zítra domů? _______ _____ _____ Pojedeš zítra domů?
No, only on the weekend.	N_, a_ o v_k_n_u_ Ne, až o víkendu. N__ a_ o v_______ Ne, až o víkendu. ___ __ _ ________ Ne, až o víkendu.
But I will be back on Sunday.	A_e p_i_e_u z_á_k_ u_ v n_d_l_. Ale přijedu zpátky už v neděli. A__ p______ z_____ u_ v n______ Ale přijedu zpátky už v neděli. ___ _______ ______ __ _ _______ Ale přijedu zpátky už v neděli.

Is your daughter an adult?	J_ t_o_e d_e_a u_ d_s_ě_á_ Je tvoje dcera už dospělá? J_ t____ d____ u_ d_______ Je tvoje dcera už dospělá? __ _____ _____ __ ________ Je tvoje dcera už dospělá?
No, she is only seventeen.	N_, j_ j_ t_p_v_ s_d_n_c_. Ne, je jí teprve sedmnáct. N__ j_ j_ t_____ s________ Ne, je jí teprve sedmnáct. ___ __ __ ______ _________ Ne, je jí teprve sedmnáct.
But she already has a boyfriend.	A_e u_ m_ p_í_e_e_ Ale už má přítele. A__ u_ m_ p_______ Ale už má přítele. ___ __ __ ________ Ale už má přítele.

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Genetic mutation makes speaking possible

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