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88 [eighty-eight]

Past tense of modal verbs 2

88 [ሰማንያ ስምንት] 88 [ሰማንያ ስምንት]	የሃላፊ ጊዜ ግስ ስልት 2 yehalafī gīzē gisi siliti 2

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Babies can learn grammar rules

Children grow up very quickly. And they also learn very quickly! It has yet to be researched how children learn. Learning processes take place automatically. Children don't notice when they are learning. Nevertheless, every day they are capable of more. This also becomes clear with language. Babies can only cry in the first few months. With a few months they can say short words. Then sentences are created from those words. Eventually the children speak their native language. Unfortunately, that doesn't work in the case of adults. They need books or other material in order to learn. Only this way can they learn grammar rules, for example. Babies, however, learn grammar as early as four months old! Researchers taught German babies foreign grammar rules. In order to do this, they played Italian sentences aloud to them. These sentences contained certain syntactical structures. The babies listened to the correct sentences for about fifteen minutes. Afterwards, sentences were played for the babies again. This time, however, a few of the sentences were incorrect. While the babies listened to the sentences, their brainwaves were measured. This way the researchers could identify how the brain reacted to sentences. And the babies showed different levels of activity with the sentences! Although they had just learned them, they registered the mistakes. Naturally, babies do not understand why some sentences are wrong. They orient themselves toward phonetic patterns. But that is enough to learn a language – at least for babies…

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My son did not want to play with the doll.	ል_ ከ_ሻ_ጉ_ት ጋ_ መ_ወ_ አ_ፈ_ገ_። l_j_ k_’_s_a_i_u_ī_i g_r_ m_c_’_w_t_ ā_i_e_e_e_i_ ልጄ ከአሻንጉሊት ጋር መጫወት አልፈለገም። lijē ke’āshanigulīti gari mech’aweti ālifelegemi. ል_ ከ______ ጋ_ መ___ አ______ l___ k______________ g___ m_________ ā___________ ልጄ ከአሻንጉሊት ጋር መጫወት አልፈለገም። lijē ke’āshanigulīti gari mech’aweti ālifelegemi. __ _______ __ ____ _______ ____ _______________ ____ __________ ____________ ልጄ ከአሻንጉሊት ጋር መጫወት አልፈለገም። lijē ke’āshanigulīti gari mech’aweti ālifelegemi.
My daughter did not want to play football / soccer (am.).	ሴ_ ል_ እ_ር ካ_ መ_ወ_ አ_ፈ_ገ_ም_ s_t_ l_j_ i_i_i k_s_ m_c_’_w_t_ ā_e_e_e_e_h_m_. ሴት ልጄ እግር ካስ መጫወት አለፈለገችም። sēti lijē igiri kasi mech’aweti ālefelegechimi. ሴ_ ል_ እ__ ካ_ መ___ አ_______ s___ l___ i____ k___ m_________ ā______________ ሴት ልጄ እግር ካስ መጫወት አለፈለገችም። sēti lijē igiri kasi mech’aweti ālefelegechimi. __ __ ___ __ ____ ________ ____ ____ _____ ____ __________ _______________ ሴት ልጄ እግር ካስ መጫወት አለፈለገችም። sēti lijē igiri kasi mech’aweti ālefelegechimi.
My wife did not want to play chess with me.	ሚ_ቴ ከ_ኔ ጋ_ ዳ_ መ_ወ_ አ_ፈ_ገ_ም_ m_s_t_ k_’_n_ g_r_ d_m_ m_c_’_w_t_ ā_i_e_e_e_h_m_. ሚስቴ ከእኔ ጋር ዳማ መጫወት አልፈለገችም። mīsitē ke’inē gari dama mech’aweti ālifelegechimi. ሚ__ ከ__ ጋ_ ዳ_ መ___ አ_______ m_____ k_____ g___ d___ m_________ ā______________ ሚስቴ ከእኔ ጋር ዳማ መጫወት አልፈለገችም። mīsitē ke’inē gari dama mech’aweti ālifelegechimi. ___ ___ __ __ ____ ________ ______ ______ ____ ____ __________ _______________ ሚስቴ ከእኔ ጋር ዳማ መጫወት አልፈለገችም። mīsitē ke’inē gari dama mech’aweti ālifelegechimi.

My children did not want to go for a walk.	የ_ ል_ች የ_ግ_ ጉ_ ማ_ረ_ አ_ፈ_ጉ_። y_n_ l_j_c_i y_’_g_r_ g_z_ m_d_r_g_ ā_i_e_e_u_i_ የኔ ልጆች የእግር ጉዞ ማድረግ አልፈለጉም። yenē lijochi ye’igiri guzo madiregi ālifelegumi. የ_ ል__ የ___ ጉ_ ማ___ አ______ y___ l______ y_______ g___ m_______ ā___________ የኔ ልጆች የእግር ጉዞ ማድረግ አልፈለጉም። yenē lijochi ye’igiri guzo madiregi ālifelegumi. __ ___ ____ __ ____ _______ ____ _______ ________ ____ ________ ____________ የኔ ልጆች የእግር ጉዞ ማድረግ አልፈለጉም። yenē lijochi ye’igiri guzo madiregi ālifelegumi.
They did not want to tidy the room.	እ_ሱ ክ_ላ_ው_ ማ_ዳ_ አ_ፈ_ጉ_። i_e_u k_f_l_c_e_i_i m_t_s_i_a_i ā_i_e_e_u_i_ እነሱ ክፍላቸውን ማፅዳት አልፈለጉም። inesu kifilachewini mat͟s’idati ālifelegumi. እ__ ክ_____ ማ___ አ______ i____ k____________ m__________ ā___________ እነሱ ክፍላቸውን ማፅዳት አልፈለጉም። inesu kifilachewini mat͟s’idati ālifelegumi. ___ ______ ____ _______ _____ _____________ ___________ ____________ እነሱ ክፍላቸውን ማፅዳት አልፈለጉም። inesu kifilachewini mat͟s’idati ālifelegumi.
They did not want to go to bed.	እ_ሱ ወ_ መ_ታ መ_ድ አ_ፈ_ጉ_። i_e_u w_d_ m_n_i_a m_h_d_ ā_i_e_e_u_i_ እነሱ ወደ መኝታ መሄድ አልፈለጉም። inesu wede menyita mehēdi ālifelegumi. እ__ ወ_ መ__ መ__ አ______ i____ w___ m______ m_____ ā___________ እነሱ ወደ መኝታ መሄድ አልፈለጉም። inesu wede menyita mehēdi ālifelegumi. ___ __ ___ ___ _______ _____ ____ _______ ______ ____________ እነሱ ወደ መኝታ መሄድ አልፈለጉም። inesu wede menyita mehēdi ālifelegumi.

He was not allowed to eat ice cream.	እ_ አ_ስ ክ_ም መ_ላ_ አ_ተ_ቀ_ለ_ም ነ_ረ_ i_u ā_i_i k_r_m_ m_b_l_t_ ā_e_e_e_’_d_l_t_m_ n_b_r_. እሱ አይስ ክሬም መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu āyisi kirēmi mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere. እ_ አ__ ክ__ መ___ አ________ ነ___ i__ ā____ k_____ m_______ ā_________________ n______ እሱ አይስ ክሬም መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu āyisi kirēmi mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere. __ ___ ___ ____ _________ ____ ___ _____ ______ ________ __________________ _______ እሱ አይስ ክሬም መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu āyisi kirēmi mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere.
He was not allowed to eat chocolate.	እ_ ቾ_ላ_ መ_ላ_ አ_ተ_ቀ_ለ_ም ነ_ረ_ i_u c_o_o_a_i m_b_l_t_ ā_e_e_e_’_d_l_t_m_ n_b_r_. እሱ ቾኮላት መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu chokolati mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere. እ_ ቾ___ መ___ አ________ ነ___ i__ c________ m_______ ā_________________ n______ እሱ ቾኮላት መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu chokolati mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere. __ ____ ____ _________ ____ ___ _________ ________ __________________ _______ እሱ ቾኮላት መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu chokolati mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere.
He was not allowed to eat sweets.	እ_ ጣ_ጭ ከ_ሜ_ መ_ላ_ አ_ተ_ቀ_ለ_ም ነ_ረ_ i_u t_a_a_h_i k_r_m_l_ m_b_l_t_ ā_e_e_e_’_d_l_t_m_ n_b_r_. እሱ ጣፋጭ ከረሜላ መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu t’afach’i keremēla mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere. እ_ ጣ__ ከ___ መ___ አ________ ነ___ i__ t________ k_______ m_______ ā_________________ n______ እሱ ጣፋጭ ከረሜላ መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu t’afach’i keremēla mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere. __ ___ ____ ____ _________ ____ ___ _________ ________ ________ __________________ _______ እሱ ጣፋጭ ከረሜላ መብላት አለተፈቀደለትም ነበረ። isu t’afach’i keremēla mebilati āletefek’edeletimi nebere.

I was allowed to make a wish.	እ_ መ_ካ_ ም_ት እ_ድ_ኝ ተ_ቅ_ል_ ነ_ረ_ i_ē m_l_k_m_ m_n_o_i i_i_i_e_y_ t_f_k_i_o_i_y_ n_b_r_. እኔ መልካም ምኞት እንድመኝ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። inē melikami minyoti inidimenyi tefek’idolinyi nebere. እ_ መ___ ም__ እ____ ተ_____ ነ___ i__ m_______ m______ i_________ t_____________ n______ እኔ መልካም ምኞት እንድመኝ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። inē melikami minyoti inidimenyi tefek’idolinyi nebere. __ ____ ___ _____ ______ ____ ___ ________ _______ __________ ______________ _______ እኔ መልካም ምኞት እንድመኝ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። inē melikami minyoti inidimenyi tefek’idolinyi nebere.
I was allowed to buy myself a dress.	ለ_ሴ ቀ_ስ እ_ድ_ዛ ተ_ቅ_ል_ ነ_ረ_ l_r_s_ k_e_ī_i i_i_i_e_a t_f_k_i_o_i_y_ n_b_r_. ለራሴ ቀሚስ እንድገዛ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። lerasē k’emīsi inidigeza tefek’idolinyi nebere. ለ__ ቀ__ እ____ ተ_____ ነ___ l_____ k______ i________ t_____________ n______ ለራሴ ቀሚስ እንድገዛ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። lerasē k’emīsi inidigeza tefek’idolinyi nebere. ___ ___ _____ ______ ____ ______ _______ _________ ______________ _______ ለራሴ ቀሚስ እንድገዛ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። lerasē k’emīsi inidigeza tefek’idolinyi nebere.
I was allowed to take a chocolate.	ቸ_ሌ_ እ_ድ_ስ_ ተ_ቅ_ል_ ነ_ረ_ c_e_o_ē_i i_i_i_e_i_i t_f_k_i_o_i_y_ n_b_r_. ቸኮሌት እንድወስድ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። chekolēti inidiwesidi tefek’idolinyi nebere. ቸ___ እ_____ ተ_____ ነ___ c________ i__________ t_____________ n______ ቸኮሌት እንድወስድ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። chekolēti inidiwesidi tefek’idolinyi nebere. ____ ______ ______ ____ _________ ___________ ______________ _______ ቸኮሌት እንድወስድ ተፈቅዶልኝ ነበረ። chekolēti inidiwesidi tefek’idolinyi nebere.

Were you allowed to smoke in the airplane?	አ_ሮ_ላ_ ላ_ እ_ድ_ጨ_/_ ተ_ቅ_ ነ_ረ_ ā_i_o_i_a_u l_y_ i_i_i_a_h_e_i_s_ī t_f_k_i_o n_b_r_? አውሮፕላኑ ላይ እንድታጨስ/ሺ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? āwiropilanu layi iniditach’esi/shī tefek’ido nebere? አ_____ ላ_ እ_______ ተ___ ነ___ ā__________ l___ i________________ t________ n______ አውሮፕላኑ ላይ እንድታጨስ/ሺ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? āwiropilanu layi iniditach’esi/shī tefek’ido nebere? ______ __ ________ ____ ____ ___________ ____ _________________ _________ _______ አውሮፕላኑ ላይ እንድታጨስ/ሺ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? āwiropilanu layi iniditach’esi/shī tefek’ido nebere?
Were you allowed to drink beer in the hospital?	ሆ_ፒ_ል ው_ጥ ቢ_ እ_ድ_ጠ_/_ ተ_ቅ_ ነ_ረ_ h_s_p_t_l_ w_s_t_i b_r_ i_i_i_i_’_t_a_c_’_ t_f_k_i_o n_b_r_? ሆስፒታል ውስጥ ቢራ እንድትጠጣ/ጪ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? hosipītali wisit’i bīra iniditit’et’a/ch’ī tefek’ido nebere? ሆ____ ው__ ቢ_ እ_______ ተ___ ነ___ h_________ w______ b___ i_________________ t________ n______ ሆስፒታል ውስጥ ቢራ እንድትጠጣ/ጪ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? hosipītali wisit’i bīra iniditit’et’a/ch’ī tefek’ido nebere? _____ ___ __ ________ ____ ____ __________ _______ ____ __________________ _________ _______ ሆስፒታል ውስጥ ቢራ እንድትጠጣ/ጪ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? hosipītali wisit’i bīra iniditit’et’a/ch’ī tefek’ido nebere?
Were you allowed to take the dog into the hotel?	ው_ው_ ሆ_ል ው_ጥ ይ_ህ_ሽ እ_ድ_ገ_/_ ተ_ቅ_ ነ_ረ_ w_s_a_i_i h_t_l_ w_s_t_i y_z_h_/_h_ i_i_i_i_e_a_b_ t_f_k_i_o n_b_r_? ውሻውን ሆቴል ውስጥ ይዘህ/ሽ እንድትገባ/ቢ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? wishawini hotēli wisit’i yizehi/shi iniditigeba/bī tefek’ido nebere? ው___ ሆ__ ው__ ይ____ እ_______ ተ___ ነ___ w________ h_____ w______ y_________ i_____________ t________ n______ ውሻውን ሆቴል ውስጥ ይዘህ/ሽ እንድትገባ/ቢ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? wishawini hotēli wisit’i yizehi/shi iniditigeba/bī tefek’ido nebere? ____ ___ ___ _____ ________ ____ ____ _________ ______ _______ __________ ______________ _________ _______ ውሻውን ሆቴል ውስጥ ይዘህ/ሽ እንድትገባ/ቢ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ? wishawini hotēli wisit’i yizehi/shi iniditigeba/bī tefek’ido nebere?

During the holidays the children were allowed to remain outside late.	በ_አ_ት ጊ_ ህ_ና_ እ_ከ_ሽ_ እ_ዲ_ዩ ተ_ቅ_ ነ_ረ_ b_b_’_l_t_ g_z_ h_t_s_a_a_i i_i_e_i_h_t_ i_i_ī_’_y_ t_f_k_i_o n_b_r_. በበአላት ጊዜ ህፃናት እስከምሽት እንዲቆዩ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። bebe’ālati gīzē hit͟s’anati isikemishiti inidīk’oyu tefek’ido nebere. በ____ ጊ_ ህ___ እ_____ እ____ ተ___ ነ___ b_________ g___ h__________ i___________ i_________ t________ n______ በበአላት ጊዜ ህፃናት እስከምሽት እንዲቆዩ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። bebe’ālati gīzē hit͟s’anati isikemishiti inidīk’oyu tefek’ido nebere. _____ __ ____ ______ _____ ____ ____ __________ ____ ___________ ____________ __________ _________ _______ በበአላት ጊዜ ህፃናት እስከምሽት እንዲቆዩ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። bebe’ālati gīzē hit͟s’anati isikemishiti inidīk’oyu tefek’ido nebere.
They were allowed to play in the yard for a long time.	እ_ሱ ለ_ጅ_ ጊ_ በ_ዳ_ ላ_ እ_ዲ_ወ_ ተ_ቅ_ ነ_ረ_ i_e_u l_r_j_m_ g_z_ b_m_d_w_ l_y_ i_i_ī_h_a_e_u t_f_k_i_o n_b_r_. እነሱ ለረጅም ጊዜ በሜዳው ላይ እንዲጫወቱ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። inesu lerejimi gīzē bemēdawi layi inidīch’awetu tefek’ido nebere. እ__ ለ___ ጊ_ በ___ ላ_ እ_____ ተ___ ነ___ i____ l_______ g___ b_______ l___ i____________ t________ n______ እነሱ ለረጅም ጊዜ በሜዳው ላይ እንዲጫወቱ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። inesu lerejimi gīzē bemēdawi layi inidīch’awetu tefek’ido nebere. ___ ____ __ ____ __ ______ ____ ____ _____ ________ ____ ________ ____ _____________ _________ _______ እነሱ ለረጅም ጊዜ በሜዳው ላይ እንዲጫወቱ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። inesu lerejimi gīzē bemēdawi layi inidīch’awetu tefek’ido nebere.
They were allowed to stay up late.	እ_ሱ እ_ዲ_መ_ ተ_ቅ_ ነ_ረ_ i_e_u i_i_ī_a_e_h_ t_f_k_i_o n_b_r_. እነሱ እንዲያመሹ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። inesu inidīyameshu tefek’ido nebere. እ__ እ_____ ተ___ ነ___ i____ i___________ t________ n______ እነሱ እንዲያመሹ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። inesu inidīyameshu tefek’ido nebere. ___ ______ ____ ____ _____ ____________ _________ _______ እነሱ እንዲያመሹ ተፈቅዶ ነበረ። inesu inidīyameshu tefek’ido nebere.

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