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83 [eighty-three]

Past tense 3

83 [восемдзесят тры] 83 [vosemdzesyat try]	Прошлы час 3 Proshly chas 3

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African Languages

In Africa, a great deal of different languages are spoken. No other continent has so many different languages. The variety of African languages is impressive. It is estimated that there are about 2,000 African languages. However, all of these languages are not alike! Quite the opposite – they are often completely different! The languages of Africa belong to four different language families. Some African languages have one-of-a-kind characteristics. For example, there are sounds that foreigners cannot imitate. Land boundaries are not always linguistic boundaries in Africa. In some regions, there are a great deal of different languages. In Tanzania, for example, languages from all four families are spoken. Afrikaans is an exception among the African languages. This language came into being in the colonial period. At that time people from different continents met each other. They came from Africa, Europe and Asia. A new language developed out of these contact situations. Afrikaans exhibits influences from many languages. It is most closely related to Dutch, however. Today Afrikaans is spoken in South Africa and Namibia more than anywhere else. The most unusual African language is the drum language. Every message can be theoretically sent with drums. The languages that are communicated with drums are tonal languages. The meaning of words or syllables depends on the pitch of the tones. That means that the tones have to be imitated by the drums. The drum language is even understood by children in Africa. And it is very efficient… The drum language can be heard for up to 12 kilometers!

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to make a call	т_л_ф_н_в_ц_ t_l_f_n_v_t_’ тэлефанаваць telefanavats’ т___________ t____________ тэлефанаваць telefanavats’ ____________ _____________ тэлефанаваць telefanavats’
I made a call.	Я т_л_ф_н_в_ў / т_л_ф_н_в_л_. Y_ t_l_f_n_v_u / t_l_f_n_v_l_. Я тэлефанаваў / тэлефанавала. Ya telefanavau / telefanavala. Я т__________ / т____________ Y_ t__________ / t____________ Я тэлефанаваў / тэлефанавала. Ya telefanavau / telefanavala. _ ___________ _ _____________ __ ___________ _ _____________ Я тэлефанаваў / тэлефанавала. Ya telefanavau / telefanavala.
I was talking on the phone all the time.	Я ў_е_ь ч_с т_л_ф_н_в_ў / т_л_ф_н_в_л_. Y_ u_e_’ c_a_ t_l_f_n_v_u / t_l_f_n_v_l_. Я ўвесь час тэлефанаваў / тэлефанавала. Ya uves’ chas telefanavau / telefanavala. Я ў____ ч__ т__________ / т____________ Y_ u____ c___ t__________ / t____________ Я ўвесь час тэлефанаваў / тэлефанавала. Ya uves’ chas telefanavau / telefanavala. _ _____ ___ ___________ _ _____________ __ _____ ____ ___________ _ _____________ Я ўвесь час тэлефанаваў / тэлефанавала. Ya uves’ chas telefanavau / telefanavala.

to ask	п_т_ц_ p_t_t_’ пытаць pytats’ п_____ p______ пытаць pytats’ ______ _______ пытаць pytats’
I asked.	Я п_т_ў / п_т_л_. Y_ p_t_u / p_t_l_. Я пытаў / пытала. Ya pytau / pytala. Я п____ / п______ Y_ p____ / p______ Я пытаў / пытала. Ya pytau / pytala. _ _____ _ _______ __ _____ _ _______ Я пытаў / пытала. Ya pytau / pytala.
I always asked.	Я ў_е_ь ч_с п_т_ў / п_т_л_. Y_ u_e_’ c_a_ p_t_u / p_t_l_. Я ўвесь час пытаў / пытала. Ya uves’ chas pytau / pytala. Я ў____ ч__ п____ / п______ Y_ u____ c___ p____ / p______ Я ўвесь час пытаў / пытала. Ya uves’ chas pytau / pytala. _ _____ ___ _____ _ _______ __ _____ ____ _____ _ _______ Я ўвесь час пытаў / пытала. Ya uves’ chas pytau / pytala.

to narrate	а_а_я_а_ь a_a_y_d_t_’ апавядаць apavyadats’ а________ a__________ апавядаць apavyadats’ _________ ___________ апавядаць apavyadats’
I narrated.	Я а_а_я_а_ / а_а_я_а_а_ Y_ a_a_y_d_u / a_a_y_d_l_. Я апавядаў / апавядала. Ya apavyadau / apavyadala. Я а_______ / а_________ Y_ a________ / a__________ Я апавядаў / апавядала. Ya apavyadau / apavyadala. _ ________ _ __________ __ _________ _ ___________ Я апавядаў / апавядала. Ya apavyadau / apavyadala.
I narrated the whole story.	Я р_с_а_ё_ / р_с_я_а_а у_ю / ў_ю г_с_о_ы_. Y_ r_s_a_e_ / r_s_y_v_l_ u_y_ / u_y_ g_s_o_y_u_ Я распавёў / распявала усю / ўсю гісторыю. Ya raspaveu / raspyavala usyu / usyu gіstoryyu. Я р_______ / р________ у__ / ў__ г________ Y_ r_______ / r_________ u___ / u___ g_________ Я распавёў / распявала усю / ўсю гісторыю. Ya raspaveu / raspyavala usyu / usyu gіstoryyu. _ ________ _ _________ ___ _ ___ _________ __ ________ _ __________ ____ _ ____ __________ Я распавёў / распявала усю / ўсю гісторыю. Ya raspaveu / raspyavala usyu / usyu gіstoryyu.

to study	в_ч_ц_а v_c_y_s_s_ вучыцца vuchytstsa в______ v_________ вучыцца vuchytstsa _______ __________ вучыцца vuchytstsa
I studied.	Я в_ч_ў_я / в_ч_л_с_. Y_ v_c_y_s_a / v_c_y_a_y_. Я вучыўся / вучылася. Ya vuchyusya / vuchylasya. Я в______ / в________ Y_ v________ / v__________ Я вучыўся / вучылася. Ya vuchyusya / vuchylasya. _ _______ _ _________ __ _________ _ ___________ Я вучыўся / вучылася. Ya vuchyusya / vuchylasya.
I studied the whole evening.	Я в_ч_ў_я / в_ч_л_с_ ў_е_ь в_ч_р_ Y_ v_c_y_s_a / v_c_y_a_y_ u_e_’ v_c_a_. Я вучыўся / вучылася ўвесь вечар. Ya vuchyusya / vuchylasya uves’ vechar. Я в______ / в_______ ў____ в_____ Y_ v________ / v_________ u____ v______ Я вучыўся / вучылася ўвесь вечар. Ya vuchyusya / vuchylasya uves’ vechar. _ _______ _ ________ _____ ______ __ _________ _ __________ _____ _______ Я вучыўся / вучылася ўвесь вечар. Ya vuchyusya / vuchylasya uves’ vechar.

to work	п_а_а_а_ь p_a_s_v_t_’ працаваць pratsavats’ п________ p__________ працаваць pratsavats’ _________ ___________ працаваць pratsavats’
I worked.	Я п_а_а_а_ / п_а_а_а_а_ Y_ p_a_s_v_u / p_a_s_v_l_. Я працаваў / працавала. Ya pratsavau / pratsavala. Я п_______ / п_________ Y_ p________ / p__________ Я працаваў / працавала. Ya pratsavau / pratsavala. _ ________ _ __________ __ _________ _ ___________ Я працаваў / працавала. Ya pratsavau / pratsavala.
I worked all day long.	Я п_а_а_а_ / п_а_а_а_а у_е_ь д_е_ь_ Y_ p_a_s_v_u / p_a_s_v_l_ u_e_’ d_e_’_ Я працаваў / працавала увесь дзень. Ya pratsavau / pratsavala uves’ dzen’. Я п_______ / п________ у____ д_____ Y_ p________ / p_________ u____ d_____ Я працаваў / працавала увесь дзень. Ya pratsavau / pratsavala uves’ dzen’. _ ________ _ _________ _____ ______ __ _________ _ __________ _____ ______ Я працаваў / працавала увесь дзень. Ya pratsavau / pratsavala uves’ dzen’.

to eat	е_ц_ e_t_і есці estsі е___ e____ есці estsі ____ _____ есці estsі
I ate.	Я е_ / е_а_ Y_ y_u / y_l_. Я еў / ела. Ya yeu / yela. Я е_ / е___ Y_ y__ / y____ Я еў / ела. Ya yeu / yela. _ __ _ ____ __ ___ _ _____ Я еў / ела. Ya yeu / yela.
I ate all the food.	Я з_е_ / з_е_а у_ю / ў_ю е_у_ Y_ z_e_ / z_e_a u_y_ / u_y_ y_z_u_ Я з’еў / з’ела усю / ўсю ежу. Ya z’eu / z’ela usyu / usyu yezhu. Я з___ / з____ у__ / ў__ е___ Y_ z___ / z____ u___ / u___ y_____ Я з’еў / з’ела усю / ўсю ежу. Ya z’eu / z’ela usyu / usyu yezhu. _ ____ _ _____ ___ _ ___ ____ __ ____ _ _____ ____ _ ____ ______ Я з’еў / з’ела усю / ўсю ежу. Ya z’eu / z’ela usyu / usyu yezhu.

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